Development of a Comprehensive Indicator for the 15-Minute City Concept Based on Accessibility Measures and Evaluation of Spatial Inequalities in the Tram Network of Kaliningrad City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52575/2712-7443-2026-50-2-403-420Keywords:
15-minute city, accessibility, tram network, spatial inequalities, Kaliningrad city, trip analysis, availabilityAbstract
The study proposes a methodology for quantifying the concept of a 15-minute city based on an analysis of accessibility and spatial inequalities, using the example of the Kaliningrad tram network. A new metric has been developed and tested – the composite score x-minute (CSx), which allows determining the degree of territorial accessibility of key urban functions within a set time interval. Based on the literature analysis, districts of Kaliningrad have been identified that are important for the implementation of the 15-minute city model. An accessibility assessment was carried out for each area based on travel data, and parameters were introduced that take into account the importance of destinations and the type of distance attenuation function. All of the indicators have been standardized, weighted, and aggregated into a composite CSx index. The method has been tested on the example of the Kaliningrad tram system. The results obtained make it possible to identify areas with reduced transport and functional accessibility, which provides the basis for developing measures to improve tram connections and the spatial distribution of service functions. The developed approach can be adapted for other cities and transport modes, which indicates its versatility and applicability in strategic urban planning.
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