The role of natural and climatic features of the Republic of Bashkortostan in the formation of reclamation complexes

Abstract

The issue of reviving and building reclamation complexes is relevant for the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan, since their formation is associated with unfavorable natural factors, such as uneven distribution of precipitation, the presence of mountain ranges, and droughts. Due to the lack of research on the influence of climate on the location of reclamation complexes, the authors considered the main reasons for the location of irrigation and drainage systems in the Republic of Bashkortostan, and also compiled climate maps on the aridity of Bashkortostan, on the basis of which the analysis of the location of reclamation complexes was carried out. According to the results of the study, the cause-and-effect relationships for the placement of irrigation and drainage systems are identified, and a general map of the location of all reclamation complexes is compiled, taking into account the influence of the natural and climatic features of the territory. During the work, it was found that the location of drainage systems is typical for the northern part of the Republic of Bashkortostan, and irrigation systems for the west and south of the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan, which is associated with the indicators of aridity of the climate calculated by the De Martonne formula.