Geoinformation modeling of spatio-temporal variability of agroclimatic conditions

Abstract

The article provides an analysis of changes in the hydrothermal conditions of the Belgorod region over the past 30 years in spatial and temporal aspects. On the basis of long-term climatic data on 8 meteorological stations in the GIS, spatial modeling of agroclimatic characteristics was carried out: the sum of active temperatures, precipitation for the period of active growing season and the hydrothermal coefficient (HC) according to G.T. Selyaninov. Changes in characteristics were considered in two time periods: 1970–1980 and 2000–10. Modeling has shown that climatic variations are reflected not only in the change in indicators for meteorological stations over time – the nature of their distribution in space also changes. For the sum of active temperatures with an increase of 300–400 °С, the general character of differentiation across the territory did not change. The zone with maximum precipitation during the active growing season shifted from the west of the region to the north. Throughout the territory, there is a non uniform decrease in the SCC values. During the compared periods, the GTC belts shifted to the northwest by 80 km, and the SCC differentiation across the region's territory became less pronounced: the difference between the maximum and minimum values is 0,25, while in 1970–80 it was it was 0,4. Also, a more detailed assessment of microclimatic variability was carried out taking into account the inhomogeneous relief of the earth's surface. It has been established that taking into account the geomorphological factor makes it possible to reveal hydrothermal conditions at certain positions of the landscapes, typical for territories 100 km to the northwest. Geomorphological conditions “erode” the boundaries of hydrothermal boundaries, creating transition belts 10–15 km wide.