Coal Industry of Southern Mongolia: a New Competitor to Siberia in Foreign Markets
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52575/2712-7443-2025-49-1-29-39Keywords:
coal industry, coal transportation, export, railways, Tavan Tolgoi, Ovoot Tolgoi, Mongolia, SiberiaAbstract
The article is focused on the coal industry of the Ömnögovi aimag in the south of Mongolia, which is becoming the main competitor to Siberian coal in foreign markets. The paper shows the fundamental role of mining sector exports for the modern economy of Mongolia in general, and Ömnögovi aimag in particular. The author analyzes all coal deposits under development in southern Mongolia and determines their institutional affiliation, geological reserves, coal production, and export volumes. The existing coal preparation plants and coal thermal power plants of the aimag are considered, as well as ones under construction, and those planned for construction. The volume of coal exported is assessed, and the main importing country is determined. Coal transportation routes are disclosed: roads and border crossings, both existing and planned ones. The proportions of export routes are calculated. The article discusses the problems and prospects of the coal industry in southern Mongolia, as well as the issues of emerging competition between southern Mongolian coal and Siberian coal.
Acknowledgements: the study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation № 24-47-03004, https://rscf.ru/project/24-47-03004/.
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